Session 136 — Mixed Parsing: Genesis 1:1–3

BBH 2024.1 · Review · 12 items · Nouns, Verbs, Participle

Instructions: The passage Genesis 1:1–3 is printed below. Parse each highlighted word: identify its word type, stem (for verbs/participles), conjugation or inflection, gender/number, state (for nouns), and give the root or lemma and a brief gloss.

בְּרֵאשִׁית בָּרָא אֱלֹהִים אֵת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְאֵת הָאָרֶץ׃

וְהָאָרֶץ הָיְתָה תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ וְחֹשֶׁךְ עַל־פְּנֵי תְהוֹם

וְרוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַל־פְּנֵי הַמָּיִם׃

וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים יְהִי אוֹר וַיְהִי אוֹר׃

Genesis 1:1–3
#HebrewWord TypeStemConj./InflectionPGN/GNStateRoot/LemmaGloss
1בְּרֵאשִׁית
✓בְּרֵאשִׁיתNounN/AConstructfsConstructראשׁin the beginning — בְּ prep + noun in construct
2בָּרָא
✓בָּרָאVerbQalPerfect3msN/Aבראcreated
3אֱלֹהִים
✓אֱלֹהִיםNounN/AAbsolutempAbsoluteאֱלֹהִיםGod — plural of majesty
4הַשָּׁמַיִם
✓הַשָּׁמַיִםNounN/AAbsolutempAbsoluteשָׁמַיִםthe heavens — definite article הַ + Dagesh in שׁ
5הָאָרֶץ
✓הָאָרֶץNounN/AAbsolutefsAbsoluteאֶרֶץthe earth — הָ article before aleph (guttural, no Dagesh)
6הָיְתָה
✓הָיְתָהVerbQalPerfect3fsN/Aהיהwas — III-He root; feminine ָה suffix
7תֹהוּ
✓תֹהוּNounN/AAbsolutemsAbsoluteתֹּהוּformlessness/waste — part of the phrase תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ
8חֹשֶׁךְ
✓חֹשֶׁךְNounN/AAbsolutemsAbsoluteחשׁךdarkness
9פְּנֵי
✓פְּנֵיNounN/AConstructmpConstructפָּנִיםface of — plurale tantum in construct; Tsere-Yod = construct mp
10רוּחַ
✓רוּחַNounN/AAbsolutefsAbsoluteרוּחַspirit/wind — III-guttural (ח); can be ms or fs
11מְרַחֶפֶת
✓מְרַחֶפֶתParticiplePielParticiplefsN/Aרחףhovering — מְ prefix + Pathaḥ R1 + II-guttural (ח); fs ending ֶפֶת
12וַיֹּאמֶר
✓וַיֹּאמֶרVerbQalWayyiqtol3msN/Aאמרand he said — I-aleph quiesces; Holem on Yod