Chapter 13 — Peal Perfect Parsing Drill

Basics of Biblical Aramaic, Van Pelt — Ch13: Peal Perfect

Instructions

For each numbered verb form, enter the Root (3 consonants), PGN (person / gender / number), and Translation in the input fields. Click ▶ Answer to reveal the answer key row. All forms are Peal perfect.

# Form Root PGN Translation
1
אֲמַר
אמר 3ms he said
2
כְּתַבוּ
כתב 3mp they (m) wrote
3
שְׁלַחְתְּ
שׁלח 2ms you (ms) sent
4
יְהַבְנָא
יהב 1cp we gave
5
עֲבַד
עבד 3ms he did / made
6
שְׁמַעְתִּי
שׁמע 2fs you (fs) heard
7
נְפַלַת
נפל 3fs she/it fell
8
קָם
קום 3ms he arose / stood up
9
הֲוָת
הוה 3fs she/it was
10
זְכַרְתְּ
זכר 2ms you (ms) remembered
11
שְׁנֵא
שׁנא 3ms it changed / was different
12
סְגִדוּ
סגד 3mp they (m) bowed down
13
בְּנָה
בנה 3ms he built
14
אֲמַרוּ
אמר 3mp they (m) said
15
כְּתָבֵת
כתב 1cs I wrote
16
יְהַבְתְּ
יהב 2ms you (ms) gave
17
הֲוֵינָא
הוה 1cp we were
18
עֲבַדְתּוּן
עבד 2mp you (mp) did / made
19
קָמַת
קום 3fs she/it arose / the kingdom returned
20
בְּנַיְנָא
בנה 1cp we built

Reflection Questions

  1. Three Aramaic perfect endings are most easily confused with Hebrew: the 1cs, the 1cp, and the 2mp. State each Aramaic ending and its Hebrew counterpart. Which item above tests each one?
  2. Items 8 and 19 are both from the root קום. What is the formal difference between them, and what grammatical feature changed?
  3. Item 9 (הֲוָת) and item 13 (בְּנָה) are both III-he roots. Why does one end in tav while the other ends in he-mater?
  4. The I-aleph roots in items 1 and 14 look very similar. What is the formal difference, and what does it tell you about PGN?