Chapter 14 — Peal Imperfect Parsing Drill

Basics of Biblical Aramaic, Van Pelt — Ch14: Peal Imperfect

Instructions

For each numbered verb form, enter the Root (3 consonants, Peal perfect 3ms), PGN (person / gender / number), and Translation in the input fields. Click ▶ Answer to reveal the answer key row. All forms are Peal imperfect.

# Form Root PGN Translation
1
יִכְתֻּב
Root: כתב  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: he will write
2
יֵאמַר
Root: אמר  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: he will say
3
יְקוּם
Root: קום  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: he will arise
4
יִפַּל
Root: נפל  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: he will fall
5
יֶהֱוֵא
Root: הוה  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: it will be / he will be
6
יִשְׁלַח
Root: שׁלח  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: he will send
7
תִּקְטֻל
Root: קטל  |  PGN: 3fs / 2ms  |  Translation: she will kill / you (ms) will kill
8
יַעְבְּדוּן
Root: עבד  |  PGN: 3mp  |  Translation: they (m) will serve / do
9
תִּבְנֵא
Root: בנה  |  PGN: 3fs / 2ms  |  Translation: she/it will be built / you (ms) will build
10
יִסְגְּדוּן
Root: סגד  |  PGN: 3mp  |  Translation: they (m) will bow down
11
נִזְכֻּר
Root: זכר  |  PGN: 1cp  |  Translation: we will remember
12
יִנְתֵּן
Root: יהב  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: he will give (suppletive imperfect of יהב)
13
יִקְטֻל
Root: קטל  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: he will kill
14
יִשְׁמַע
Root: שׁמע  |  PGN: 3ms  |  Translation: he will hear
15
אֶכְתֻּב
Root: כתב  |  PGN: 1cs  |  Translation: I will write
16
תִּכְתְּבוּן
Root: כתב  |  PGN: 2mp  |  Translation: you (mp) will write
17
תִּכְתְּבִין
Root: כתב  |  PGN: 2fs  |  Translation: you (fs) will write
18
יִכְתְּבָן
Root: כתב  |  PGN: 3fp  |  Translation: they (f) will write
19
תֵּאמְרוּן
Root: אמר  |  PGN: 2mp  |  Translation: you (mp) will say
20
נֶהֱוֵא
Root: הוה  |  PGN: 1cp  |  Translation: we will be

Reflection Questions

  1. Items 1 and 13 use the roots כתב and קטל (the abstract grammar root) for the same PGN. What tells you both are 3ms Peal imperfect, and how does the stem vowel differ from Hebrew?
  2. Items 2 and 19 share root אמר. What PGN is each, and what caused the prefix vowel change from יִ-/תִּ- to יֵ-/תֵּ-?
  3. Item 12 (יִנְתֵּן) is the Peal imperfect of יהב. Why doesn't it look like a normal imperfect of יהב? What phenomenon is at work?
  4. Compare item 4 (יִפַּל) with the Peal perfect of the same root (נְפַל). What happened to the first root consonant? How does this parallel Hebrew יִפֹּל?
  5. Items 16, 17, and 18 all come from root כתב but represent 2mp, 2fs, and 3fp. What suffix marks each, and how do these differ from the Hebrew Qal imperfect equivalents?