Ch17 Parsing Drill — Wayyiqtol and Weqatal

BBH Chapter 17 · 30 forms

Instructions: For each form, give: (a) Form Type (Wayyiqtol / Weqatal / Imperfect / Perfect), (b) Person, (c) Number, (d) Gender, (e) Root (3ms lexical form).
Part B: also identify the Weak Class. Part C: disambiguation — determine whether each form is Weqatal, Perfect, or Imperfect.

Part A — Wayyiqtol: Strong and Common Weak Roots

All forms in Part A are Wayyiqtol. Parse the PGN and identify the root.

#	Form	Form Type	Pers.	Num.	Gen.	Root
1	וַיֹּאמֶר
✓	וַיֹּאמֶר	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	אמר	Most frequent verb form in the OT; I-aleph Holem prefix
2	וַתֹּאמֶר
✓	וַתֹּאמֶר	Wayyiqtol	3	s	f	אמר	3fs; תּ prefix with dagesh forte
3	וַיֵּלֶךְ
✓	וַיֵּלֶךְ	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	הלך	I-י: Tsere prefix; root ה absent; behaves as I-י
4	וַיִּקְטֹל
✓	וַיִּקְטֹל	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	קטל	Strong paradigm model; dagesh forte in יּ
5	וַיִּכְתְּבוּ
✓	וַיִּכְתְּבוּ	Wayyiqtol	3	p	m	כתב	3mp; dagesh in יּ; Shureq suffix
6	וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה
✓	וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה	Wayyiqtol	3/2	p	f	שמר	נָה suffix marks 3/2fp
7	וָאֶקְטֹל
✓	וָאֶקְטֹל	Wayyiqtol	1	s	c	קטל	1cs: waw → וָ (Qamets) before aleph; aleph cannot take dagesh
8	וַנִּקְטֹל
✓	וַנִּקְטֹל	Wayyiqtol	1	p	c	קטל	1cp; nun prefix with dagesh forte in נּ
9	וַיִּתֵּן
✓	וַיִּתֵּן	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	נתן	I-נ: nun assimilated; dagesh forte in תּ; Tsere
10	וַיָּבֹא
✓	וַיָּבֹא	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	בוא	Biconsonantal; Qamets prefix; short form

Form

Form Type

Pers.

Num.

Gen.

Root

וַיֹּאמֶר

✓

וַיֹּאמֶר

Wayyiqtol

אמר

Most frequent verb form in the OT; I-aleph Holem prefix

וַתֹּאמֶר

✓

וַתֹּאמֶר

Wayyiqtol

אמר

3fs; תּ prefix with dagesh forte

וַיֵּלֶךְ

✓

וַיֵּלֶךְ

Wayyiqtol

הלך

I-י: Tsere prefix; root ה absent; behaves as I-י

וַיִּקְטֹל

✓

וַיִּקְטֹל

Wayyiqtol

קטל

Strong paradigm model; dagesh forte in יּ

וַיִּכְתְּבוּ

✓

וַיִּכְתְּבוּ

Wayyiqtol

כתב

3mp; dagesh in יּ; Shureq suffix

וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה

✓

וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה

Wayyiqtol

3/2

שמר

נָה suffix marks 3/2fp

וָאֶקְטֹל

✓

וָאֶקְטֹל

Wayyiqtol

קטל

1cs: waw → וָ (Qamets) before aleph; aleph cannot take dagesh

וַנִּקְטֹל

✓

וַנִּקְטֹל

Wayyiqtol

קטל

1cp; nun prefix with dagesh forte in נּ

וַיִּתֵּן

✓

וַיִּתֵּן

Wayyiqtol

נתן

I-נ: nun assimilated; dagesh forte in תּ; Tsere

וַיָּבֹא

✓

וַיָּבֹא

Wayyiqtol

בוא

Biconsonantal; Qamets prefix; short form

Part B — Wayyiqtol with Weak Roots: III-ה, Biconsonantal, I-י

#	Form	Form Type	Pers.	Num.	Gen.	Root	Weak Class
11	וַיַּרְא
✓	וַיַּרְא	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	ראה	III-ה	Short form: ה dropped; "and he/God saw"
12	וַיְהִי
✓	וַיְהִי	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	היה	III-ה	Short jussive of היה; Hireq-Yod ending; narrative episode opener
13	וַיַּעַשׂ
✓	וַיַּעַשׂ	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	עשה	III-ה + I-gutt.	Short form; Pathach prefix (ע causes chateph); ה dropped
14	וַיָּקׇם
✓	וַיָּקׇם	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	קום	Biconsonantal	Short form: Qamets hatuf in root vs. שּׁוּרֶק in imperfect יָקוּם
15	וַיָּבֹאוּ
✓	וַיָּבֹאוּ	Wayyiqtol	3	p	m	בוא	Biconsonantal	3mp; Qamets prefix + -וּ suffix
16	וַיָּסׇּב
✓	וַיָּסׇּב	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	סבב	Geminate	Qamets prefix + dagesh forte in ב (R2=R3)
17	וַיֵּדַע
✓	וַיֵּדַע	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	ידע	I-י	Tsere prefix (יֵ–); yod at R1 contracted
18	וַיֵּצֵא
✓	וַיֵּצֵא	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	יצא	I-י + III-א	Tsere prefix; aleph quiesces at R3; compound weak class
19	וַיִּבֶן
✓	וַיִּבֶן	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	בנה	III-ה	Short form: ה dropped; dagesh in נּ; Seghol under נ
20	וַיָּשׇׁב
✓	וַיָּשׇׁב	Wayyiqtol	3	s	m	שוב	Biconsonantal	Short form; Qamets prefix + Qamets hatuf in root

Form

Form Type

Pers.

Num.

Gen.

Root

Weak Class

וַיַּרְא

✓

וַיַּרְא

Wayyiqtol

ראה

III-ה

Short form: ה dropped; "and he/God saw"

וַיְהִי

✓

וַיְהִי

Wayyiqtol

היה

III-ה

Short jussive of היה; Hireq-Yod ending; narrative episode opener

וַיַּעַשׂ

✓

וַיַּעַשׂ

Wayyiqtol

עשה

III-ה + I-gutt.

Short form; Pathach prefix (ע causes chateph); ה dropped

וַיָּקׇם

✓

וַיָּקׇם

Wayyiqtol

קום

Biconsonantal

Short form: Qamets hatuf in root vs. שּׁוּרֶק in imperfect יָקוּם

וַיָּבֹאוּ

✓

וַיָּבֹאוּ

Wayyiqtol

בוא

Biconsonantal

3mp; Qamets prefix + -וּ suffix

וַיָּסׇּב

✓

וַיָּסׇּב

Wayyiqtol

סבב

Geminate

Qamets prefix + dagesh forte in ב (R2=R3)

וַיֵּדַע

✓

וַיֵּדַע

Wayyiqtol

ידע

I-י

Tsere prefix (יֵ–); yod at R1 contracted

וַיֵּצֵא

✓

וַיֵּצֵא

Wayyiqtol

יצא

I-י + III-א

Tsere prefix; aleph quiesces at R3; compound weak class

וַיִּבֶן

✓

וַיִּבֶן

Wayyiqtol

בנה

III-ה

Short form: ה dropped; dagesh in נּ; Seghol under נ

וַיָּשׇׁב

✓

וַיָּשׇׁב

Wayyiqtol

שוב

Biconsonantal

Short form; Qamets prefix + Qamets hatuf in root

Part C — Weqatal and Disambiguation

Identify whether each form is Wayyiqtol, Weqatal, Perfect, or Imperfect, then parse completely.

#	Form	Form Type	Pers.	Num.	Gen.	Root
21	וְשָׁמַרְתָּ
✓	וְשָׁמַרְתָּ	Weqatal	2	s	m	שמר	Follows imperfect/command; stress on -tā; future chain
22	וְאָהַבְתָּ
✓	וְאָהַבְתָּ	Weqatal	2	s	m	אהב	follows שְׁמַע (imperative); classic weqatal command chain (Deu 6:5)
23	שָׁמַרְתָּ
✓	שָׁמַרְתָּ	Perfect	2	s	m	שמר	No waw; completed past action; penultimate stress
24	וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם
✓	וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם	Weqatal	2	p	m	שמר	Waw → וּ before Shewa; 2mp; future chain
25	וְנָתַתָּ
✓	וְנָתַתָּ	Weqatal	2	s	m	נתן	I-נ regular in perfect/weqatal; legal/instructional context
26	יִשְׁמֹר
✓	יִשְׁמֹר	Imperfect	3	s	m	שמר	No waw; simple imperfect (future/habitual) or Jussive
27	וְשָׁמְרוּ
✓	וְשָׁמְרוּ	Weqatal	3	p	c	שמר	3cp perfect form + וְ; future-chain or commanded result
28	שָׁמְרוּ
✓	שָׁמְרוּ	Perfect	3	p	c	שמר	No waw; completed past action (3cp)
29	וְעָשִׂיתָ
✓	וְעָשִׂיתָ	Weqatal	2	s	m	עשה	III-ה perfect 2ms + וְ; Hireq-Yod before suffix
30	וָאֹמַר
✓	וָאֹמַר	Wayyiqtol	1	s	c	אמר	1cs; Holem prefix of אמר; waw → וָ (Qamets) before aleph

Form

Form Type

Pers.

Num.

Gen.

Root

וְשָׁמַרְתָּ

✓

וְשָׁמַרְתָּ

Weqatal

שמר

Follows imperfect/command; stress on -tā; future chain

וְאָהַבְתָּ

✓

וְאָהַבְתָּ

Weqatal

אהב

follows שְׁמַע (imperative); classic weqatal command chain
(Deu 6:5)

שָׁמַרְתָּ

✓

שָׁמַרְתָּ

Perfect

שמר

No waw; completed past action; penultimate stress

וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם

✓

וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם

Weqatal

שמר

Waw → וּ before Shewa; 2mp; future chain

וְנָתַתָּ

✓

וְנָתַתָּ

Weqatal

נתן

I-נ regular in perfect/weqatal; legal/instructional context

יִשְׁמֹר

✓

יִשְׁמֹר

Imperfect

שמר

No waw; simple imperfect (future/habitual) or Jussive

וְשָׁמְרוּ

✓

וְשָׁמְרוּ

Weqatal

שמר

3cp perfect form + וְ; future-chain or commanded result

שָׁמְרוּ

✓

שָׁמְרוּ

Perfect

שמר

No waw; completed past action (3cp)

וְעָשִׂיתָ

✓

וְעָשִׂיתָ

Weqatal

עשה

III-ה perfect 2ms + וְ; Hireq-Yod before suffix

וָאֹמַר

✓

וָאֹמַר

Wayyiqtol

אמר

1cs; Holem prefix of אמר; waw → וָ (Qamets) before aleph