Ch17 Parsing Drill — Wayyiqtol and Weqatal

BBH Chapter 17 · 30 forms

Instructions: For each form, give: (a) Form Type (Wayyiqtol / Weqatal / Imperfect / Perfect), (b) Person, (c) Number, (d) Gender, (e) Root (3ms lexical form).
Part B: also identify the Weak Class. Part C: disambiguation — determine whether each form is Weqatal, Perfect, or Imperfect.

Part A — Wayyiqtol: Strong and Common Weak Roots

All forms in Part A are Wayyiqtol. Parse the PGN and identify the root.
#FormForm TypePers.Num.Gen.Root
1וַיֹּאמֶר
✓וַיֹּאמֶרWayyiqtol3smאמרMost frequent verb form in the OT; I-aleph holem prefix
2וַתֹּאמֶר
✓וַתֹּאמֶרWayyiqtol3sfאמר3fs; תּ prefix with dagesh forte
3וַיֵּלֶךְ
✓וַיֵּלֶךְWayyiqtol3smהלךI-י: tsere prefix; root ה absent; behaves as I-י
4וַיִּקְטֹל
✓וַיִּקְטֹלWayyiqtol3smקטלStrong paradigm model; dagesh forte in יּ
5וַיִּכְתְּבוּ
✓וַיִּכְתְּבוּWayyiqtol3pmכתב3mp; dagesh in יּ; shureq suffix
6וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה
✓וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָהWayyiqtol3/2pfשמרנָה suffix marks 3/2fp
7וָאֶקְטֹל
✓וָאֶקְטֹלWayyiqtol1scקטל1cs: waw → וָ (qamets) before aleph; aleph cannot take dagesh
8וַנִּקְטֹל
✓וַנִּקְטֹלWayyiqtol1pcקטל1cp; nun prefix with dagesh forte in נּ
9וַיִּתֵּן
✓וַיִּתֵּןWayyiqtol3smנתןI-נ: nun assimilated; dagesh forte in תּ; tsere
10וַיָּבֹא
✓וַיָּבֹאWayyiqtol3smבואBiconsonantal; qamets prefix; short form

Part B — Wayyiqtol with Weak Roots: III-ה, Biconsonantal, I-י

#FormForm TypePers.Num.Gen.RootWeak Class
11וַיַּרְא
✓וַיַּרְאWayyiqtol3smראהIII-הShort form: ה dropped; "and he/God saw"
12וַיְהִי
✓וַיְהִיWayyiqtol3smהיהIII-הShort jussive of היה; hireq-yod ending; narrative episode opener
13וַיַּעַשׂ
✓וַיַּעַשׂWayyiqtol3smעשהIII-ה + I-gutt.Short form; patach prefix (ע causes chateph); ה dropped
14וַיָּקׇם
✓וַיָּקׇםWayyiqtol3smקוםBiconsonantalShort form: qamets hatuf in root vs. שּׁוּרֶק in imperfect יָקוּם
15וַיָּבֹאוּ
✓וַיָּבֹאוּWayyiqtol3pmבואBiconsonantal3mp; qamets prefix + -וּ suffix
16וַיָּסׇּב
✓וַיָּסׇּבWayyiqtol3smסבבGeminateQamets prefix + dagesh forte in ב (R2=R3)
17וַיֵּדַע
✓וַיֵּדַעWayyiqtol3smידעI-יTsere prefix (יֵ–); yod at R1 contracted
18וַיֵּצֵא
✓וַיֵּצֵאWayyiqtol3smיצאI-י + III-אTsere prefix; aleph quiesces at R3; compound weak class
19וַיִּבֶן
✓וַיִּבֶןWayyiqtol3smבנהIII-הShort form: ה dropped; dagesh in נּ; seghol under נ
20וַיָּשׇׁב
✓וַיָּשׇׁבWayyiqtol3smשובBiconsonantalShort form; qamets prefix + qamets hatuf in root

Part C — Weqatal and Disambiguation

Identify whether each form is Wayyiqtol, Weqatal, Perfect, or Imperfect, then parse completely.
#FormForm TypePers.Num.Gen.Root
21וְשָׁמַרְתָּ
✓וְשָׁמַרְתָּWeqatal2smשמרFollows imperfect/command; stress on -tā; future chain
22וְאָהַבְתָּ
✓וְאָהַבְתָּWeqatal2smאהבDeu 6:5; follows שְׁמַע (imperative); classic weqatal command chain
23שָׁמַרְתָּ
✓שָׁמַרְתָּPerfect2smשמרNo waw; completed past action; penultimate stress
24וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם
✓וּשְׁמַרְתֶּםWeqatal2pmשמרWaw → וּ before shewa; 2mp; future chain
25וְנָתַתָּ
✓וְנָתַתָּWeqatal2smנתןI-נ regular in perfect/weqatal; legal/instructional context
26יִשְׁמֹר
✓יִשְׁמֹרImperfect3smשמרNo waw; simple imperfect (future/habitual) or Jussive
27וְשָׁמְרוּ
✓וְשָׁמְרוּWeqatal3pcשמר3cp perfect form + וְ; future-chain or commanded result
28שָׁמְרוּ
✓שָׁמְרוּPerfect3pcשמרNo waw; completed past action (3cp)
29וְעָשִׂיתָ
✓וְעָשִׂיתָWeqatal2smעשהIII-ה perfect 2ms + וְ; hireq-yod before suffix
30וָאֹמַר
✓וָאֹמַרWayyiqtol1scאמר1cs; holem prefix of אמר; waw → וָ (qamets) before aleph