Ch22 — Qal Participle Parsing Drill

Chapter 22 — Qal Participle Parsing Drill

For each form: (a) Active or Passive participle (or other), (b) Root, (c) Root class, (d) Gender/Number, (e) Function. Click ▶ Answer to reveal.

Quick diagnostic: Active ptc. ms = Holem-waw R1 + Tsere R2 (שֹׁמֵ֖ר). Passive ptc. ms = Qamets R1 + Shureq R2 (שָׁמ֥וּר). III-ה active: Holem-waw + Seghol + ה (עֹשֶׂ֖ה). I-י active: yod visible (יוֹשֵׁ֖ב). Biconsonantal active: Qamets + final cons. (בָ֖א).

Part A — Active Participle, Strong Roots

All forms are Qal active participles. Parse the root, class, gender/number, and function.

#	Form	Act./Pass.	Root	Root Class
1	שֹׁמֵ֖ר
Active	שמר	Strong A	ms	Substantive/Predicate — "keeper"; Holem-waw + Tsere
2	שֹׁמֶ֫רֶת
Active	שמר	Strong A	fs	Attributive/Substantive — "keeper (fs)"; ת + Seghol-Seghol
3	שֹׁמְרִ֖ים
Active	שמר	Strong A	mp	Substantive/Attributive — "keepers"; Shewa on R2 in plural
4	הַ/שֹּׁמֵ֖ר
Active	שמר	Strong A	ms definite	Substantive — "the guardian"; dagesh forte in שׁ after def. article
5	שֹׁמֵ֣עַ
Active	שמע	Strong B (gutt. R3)	ms	Predicate/Substantive — "one who hears"; Pathach furtive before ע
6	שֹׁמְעִ֖ים
Active	שמע	Strong B	mp	Attributive/Substantive — "those who hear"
7	עֹמֵ֖ד
Active	עמד	I-gutt.	ms	Predicate/Substantive — "standing / one who stands"
8	עֹבֵ֖ר
Active	עבר	Strong A	ms	Substantive — "the one passing by"; common in narrative

Form

Act./Pass.

Root

Root Class

Gender/Number

Function

שֹׁמֵ֖ר

Active

שמר

Strong A

Substantive/Predicate — "keeper"; Holem-waw + Tsere

שֹׁמֶ֫רֶת

Active

שמר

Strong A

Attributive/Substantive — "keeper (fs)"; ת + Seghol-Seghol

שֹׁמְרִ֖ים

Active

שמר

Strong A

Substantive/Attributive — "keepers"; Shewa on R2 in plural

הַ/שֹּׁמֵ֖ר

Active

שמר

Strong A

ms definite

Substantive — "the guardian"; dagesh forte in שׁ after def. article

שֹׁמֵ֣עַ

Active

שמע

Strong B (gutt. R3)

Predicate/Substantive — "one who hears"; Pathach furtive before ע

שֹׁמְעִ֖ים

Active

שמע

Strong B

Attributive/Substantive — "those who hear"

עֹמֵ֖ד

Active

עמד

I-gutt.

Predicate/Substantive — "standing / one who stands"

עֹבֵ֖ר

Active

עבר

Strong A

Substantive — "the one passing by"; common in narrative

Part B — Active Participle, Weak Roots

#	Form	Root	Root Class
9	עֹשֶֽׂה
עשה	III-ה	ms	Substantive — "the one who does / maker"; Holem-waw + Seghol + ה
10	עֹשִׂ֖ים
עשה	III-ה	mp	Attributive/Substantive — "those who do"; ה drops in plural + ִים
11	יוֹשֵׁ֖ב
ישב	I-י	ms	Occupational/Predicate — "dweller / one who sits"; yod + Holem-waw + Tsere
12	בָ֖א
בוא	Biconsonantal	ms	Predicate/Substantive — "one who comes"; Qamets + quiescent aleph; same form as Perfect 3ms — context distinguishes
13	מֵ֖ת
מות	Biconsonantal	ms	Predicate/Substantive — "dying / dead person"; Tsere + taw; Holem-waw lost (contrast IA: מ֥וֹת)
14	נֹתֵ֥ן
נתן	I-נ	ms	Substantive — "giver / one who gives"; nun retained in ptc.; most common Torah active ptc. (53×)
15	הוֹלֵ֣ךְ
הלך	I-י	ms	Predicate/Progressive — "going / the one walking"; ה + Holem-waw; yod-shape
16	גֹּאֵ֣ל
גאל	Strong A	ms	Substantive — "redeemer / kinsman-redeemer"; theological title; Holem-waw + Tsere

Form

Root

Root Class

Gender/Number

Function

עֹשֶֽׂה

עשה

III-ה

Substantive — "the one who does / maker"; Holem-waw + Seghol + ה

עֹשִׂ֖ים

עשה

III-ה

Attributive/Substantive — "those who do"; ה drops in plural + ִים

יוֹשֵׁ֖ב

ישב

I-י

Occupational/Predicate — "dweller / one who sits"; yod + Holem-waw + Tsere

בָ֖א

בוא

Biconsonantal

Predicate/Substantive — "one who comes"; Qamets + quiescent aleph; same form as Perfect 3ms — context distinguishes

מֵ֖ת

מות

Biconsonantal

Predicate/Substantive — "dying / dead person"; Tsere + taw; Holem-waw lost (contrast IA: מ֥וֹת)

נֹתֵ֥ן

נתן

I-נ

Substantive — "giver / one who gives"; nun retained in ptc.; most common Torah active ptc. (53×)

הוֹלֵ֣ךְ

הלך

I-י

Predicate/Progressive — "going / the one walking"; ה + Holem-waw; yod-shape

גֹּאֵ֣ל

גאל

Strong A

Substantive — "redeemer / kinsman-redeemer"; theological title; Holem-waw + Tsere

Part C — Passive Participle

#	Form	Act./Pass.	Root	Root Class
17	בָּר֥וּךְ
Passive	ברך	Strong A	ms	Predicate — "blessed"; Qamets + Shureq (qatûl pattern)
18	אָר֕וּר
Passive	ארר	Geminate	ms	Predicate — "cursed"; Qamets + Shureq; curse formula (Gen 3–4)
19	כָּת֥וּב
Passive	כתב	Strong A	ms	Predicate/Attributive — "written"; Qamets + Shureq
20	בְּרוּכָ֥ה
Passive	ברך	Strong A	fs	Predicate/Attributive — "blessed (fs)"; Shewa + Shureq + ָה
21	כְּתוּבִ֥ים
Passive	כתב	Strong A	mp	Attributive — "written (mp)"; Shewa + Shureq + ִים
22	נְטוּיָ֖ה
Passive	נטה	III-ה	fs	Attributive — "outstretched" (Exo 6:6 "outstretched arm"); Shewa + Shureq + יָה
23	בְּלוּלָ֥ה
Passive	בלל	Geminate	fs	Attributive — "mixed with oil"; Lev/Num grain offering formula (38× Torah); Shewa + Shureq + ָה

Form

Act./Pass.

Root

Root Class

Gender/Number

Function

בָּר֥וּךְ

Passive

ברך

Strong A

Predicate — "blessed"; Qamets + Shureq (qatûl pattern)

אָר֕וּר

Passive

ארר

Geminate

Predicate — "cursed"; Qamets + Shureq; curse formula (Gen 3–4)

כָּת֥וּב

Passive

כתב

Strong A

Predicate/Attributive — "written"; Qamets + Shureq

בְּרוּכָ֥ה

Passive

ברך

Strong A

Predicate/Attributive — "blessed (fs)"; Shewa + Shureq + ָה

כְּתוּבִ֥ים

Passive

כתב

Strong A

Attributive — "written (mp)"; Shewa + Shureq + ִים

נְטוּיָ֖ה

Passive

נטה

III-ה

Attributive — "outstretched" (Exo 6:6 "outstretched arm"); Shewa + Shureq + יָה

בְּלוּלָ֥ה

Passive

בלל

Geminate

Attributive — "mixed with oil"; Lev/Num grain offering formula (38× Torah); Shewa + Shureq + ָה

Part D — Discrimination

Identify each form: Qal active ptc., passive ptc., Perfect, Imperfect, IC, or IA.

#	Form	Identification
24	שֹׁמֵ֖ר
Qal Active Ptc. ms	שמר	Holem-waw + Tsere = active ptc.; "keeper"
25	שָׁמַ֣ר
Qal Perfect 3ms	שמר	Qamets + Pathach; "he kept"
26	יִשְׁמֹ֣ר
Qal Imperfect 3ms	שמר	יִ prefix = Imperfect; "he will keep"
27	שָׁמ֥וּר
Qal Passive Ptc. ms	שמר	Qamets + Shureq (qatûl) = passive ptc.; "kept"
28	שְׁמֹר
IC or Imperative 2ms	שמר	Shewa + Holem; ambiguous without context
29	שָׁמ֣וֹר
Qal IA	שמר	Qamets + Holem-waw = Infinitive Absolute; "surely keep"
30	בָ֖א
Qal Active Ptc. ms OR Qal Perfect 3ms	בוא	Biconsonantal: both forms identical; context (agreement with noun, predicate use) distinguishes
31	לָ/בֹא
Qal IC	בוא	לָ prefix = IC; "to come"; participle would not have a preposition prefix
32	יִ/יְשֵׁ֣ב
Qal Imperfect 3ms	ישב	יִ prefix = Imperfect; active ptc. would be יוֹשֵׁ֖ב (yod + Holem-waw)

Form

Identification

Root

Notes

שֹׁמֵ֖ר

Qal Active Ptc. ms

שמר

Holem-waw + Tsere = active ptc.; "keeper"

שָׁמַ֣ר

Qal Perfect 3ms

שמר

Qamets + Pathach; "he kept"

יִשְׁמֹ֣ר

Qal Imperfect 3ms

שמר

יִ prefix = Imperfect; "he will keep"

שָׁמ֥וּר

Qal Passive Ptc. ms

שמר

Qamets + Shureq (qatûl) = passive ptc.; "kept"

שְׁמֹר

IC or Imperative 2ms

שמר

Shewa + Holem; ambiguous without context

שָׁמ֣וֹר

Qal IA

שמר

Qamets + Holem-waw = Infinitive Absolute; "surely keep"

בָ֖א

Qal Active Ptc. ms OR Qal Perfect 3ms

בוא

Biconsonantal: both forms identical; context (agreement with noun, predicate use) distinguishes

לָ/בֹא

Qal IC

בוא

לָ prefix = IC; "to come"; participle would not have a preposition prefix

יִ/יְשֵׁ֣ב

Qal Imperfect 3ms

ישב

יִ prefix = Imperfect; active ptc. would be יוֹשֵׁ֖ב (yod + Holem-waw)