Chapter 30 — Stem Identification Drill (Strong Roots)

BBH Chapter 30 · Piel Strong Verbs

For each form, identify the Stem (Qal / Niphal / Hiphil / Hophal / Piel), Conjugation, PGN (where applicable), and Root. Type your answers in the fields, then click ▶ Answer to check.

StemKey Marker
QalNo prefix; basic a–a perfect / i-vowel imperfect; no dagesh in R2
Niphalנִ prefix (perfect); assimilated נ → dagesh in R1 (imperfect/wayyiqtol)
Hiphilהִ prefix (perfect); יַ / תַ / נַ / אַ (imperfect); chirik + yod vowel chain
Hophalהָ / הֻ prefix; no dagesh; o/u vowel pattern
PielDagesh forte in R2 + ִ–ֵ (perfect) / Shewa–Pathach (imperfect)
Quick check: See a dagesh in the middle consonant? → Piel (or Pual). See נִ prefix or assimilated dagesh with Qamets-Tsere vowels? → Niphal. See הִ + chirik–yod chain? → Hiphil.
#HebrewStemConjugationPGNRoot
1 קָטַל
QalPerfect3msקטל — Basic a–a vowel pattern; no prefix, no dagesh in ט
2 קִטֵּל
PielPerfect3msקטל — Dagesh forte in ט (R2) + chirik–Tsere vowels = Piel perfect marker
3 הִקְטִיל
HiphilPerfect3msקטל — הִ prefix + chirik + yod (long ī vowel) = Hiphil perfect
4 נִקְטַל
NiphalPerfect3msקטל — נִ prefix visible in the 3ms perfect; the נ assimilates in imperfect/wayyiqtol forms
5 דִּבֶּר
PielPerfect3msדבר — Dagesh in ב (R2) + chirik–segol; compare Qal #6 דָּבַר which has no dagesh
6 דָּבַר
QalPerfect3msדבר — No dagesh in ב; Qamets–Pathach = standard Qal perfect
7 יְדַבֵּר
PielImperfect3msדבר — Shewa under prefix יְ + dagesh in ב + Tsere = Piel imperfect pattern
8 יִדְבַּר
QalImperfect3msדבר — Chirik under יִ; no dagesh in ב; Pathach under ב = Qal imperfect
9 יַדְבִּיר
HiphilImperfect3msדבר — Pathach under יַ (Hiphil imperfect prefix) + chirik + yod
10 יִדָּבֵר
NiphalImperfect3msדבר — Dagesh in ד (assimilated נ) + Qamets–Tsere = Niphal imperfect pattern
11 וַיְדַבֵּר
PielWayyiqtol3msדבר — Waw-consecutive + Piel imperfect; note Shewa under יְ and dagesh in ב
12 וַיִּדְבַּר
QalWayyiqtol3msדבר — Dagesh in יּ (wayyiqtol marker) + Qal imperfect pattern (no dagesh in ב)
13 וַיַּדְבֵּר
HiphilWayyiqtol3msדבר — Waw + Pathach under יַ (Hiphil prefix) + Tsere
14 וַיִּדָּבֵר
NiphalWayyiqtol3msדבר — Waw + dagesh in ד (assimilated נ) + Qamets–Tsere
15 דַּבֵּר
PielImperative2msדבר — Pathach + dagesh in ב + Tsere; no prefix. Note: identical to #19 (Piel Inf. Abs.); context distinguishes them.
16 דְּבַר
QalImperative2msדבר — Shewa under ד, Pathach under ב; no dagesh in ב; no prefix
17 הַדְבֵּר
HiphilImperative2msדבר — הַ prefix + Hiphil vowel chain (Tsere)
18 הִדָּבֵר
NiphalImperative2msדבר — הִ + dagesh in ד (assimilated נ) + Qamets–Tsere = Niphal imperative
19 דַּבֵּר
PielInf. Absolute—דבר — Identical to Piel Imperative 2ms (#15). Context determines function (Inf. Abs. intensifies a finite verb; Imperative issues a command).
20 דָּבוֹר
QalInf. Absolute—דבר — Qamets + Holem-waw = standard Qal Inf. Abs. pattern
21 מְדַבֵּר
PielParticiplemsדבר — מְ prefix + dagesh in ב + Tsere = Piel active participle
22 דֹּבֵר
QalParticiplemsדבר — Holem + Tsere; no מ prefix; no dagesh in ב = Qal active participle
23 מַדְבִּיר
HiphilParticiplemsדבר — מַ prefix + chirik + yod = Hiphil participle pattern
24 נִדְבָּר
NiphalParticiplemsדבר — נִ prefix + Qamets = Niphal participle pattern
Note on items 15 and 19: דַּבֵּר is spelled identically whether it is the Piel Imperative 2ms ("Speak!") or the Piel Infinitive Absolute. For strong roots these two forms always share the same spelling. Context — whether the form commands an action or adverbially intensifies a finite verb — is the only distinguishing factor.