Chapter 29 — Hophal Weak-Root: Hiphil → Hophal Passive Drill¶
BBH Chapter 29 · Hophal Weak Verbs
Instructions¶
The Hophal is the passive of the Hiphil (or Piel/Qal for roots without a productive Hiphil). Every Hophal form expresses that its subject undergoes being caused to do or experience something.
For each weak-root Hophal form below: 1. Give the active meaning — what the Hiphil (or Piel/Qal) of this root means. 2. Translate the Hophal passive form in context.
This exercise covers all eight weak-root classes of Chapter 29.
The answer key is at the bottom.
Exercise Table¶
| # | Hophal Form | Root | Weak Class | Conjugation | Active (Hiphil) Meaning | Hophal Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הוּבַל | יבל | I-י | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 2 | הוּבְאוּ | בוא | Biconsonantal | Perfect 3cp | ||
| 3 | הוּרַד | ירד | I-י | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 4 | הוּקַם | קום | Biconsonantal | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 5 | הוּשַׁב | שׁוב | Biconsonantal | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 6 | יוּבַל | יבל | I-י | Imperfect 3ms | ||
| 7 | יוּבָא | בוא | Biconsonantal | Imperfect 3ms | ||
| 8 | יוּרַד | ירד | I-י | Imperfect 3ms | ||
| 9 | יוּקַם | קום | Biconsonantal | Imperfect 3ms | ||
| 10 | יוּשַׁב | שׁוב | Biconsonantal | Imperfect 3ms | ||
| 11 | וַיּוּבַל | יבל | I-י | Wayyiqtol 3ms | ||
| 12 | וַיּוּבָא | בוא | Biconsonantal | Wayyiqtol 3ms | ||
| 13 | וַיּוּרַד | ירד | I-י | Wayyiqtol 3ms | ||
| 14 | הוּלַד | ילד | I-י | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 15 | יוּלַד | ילד | I-י | Imperfect 3ms | ||
| 16 | מוּבָא | בוא | Biconsonantal | Participle ms | ||
| 17 | מוּרָד | ירד | I-י | Participle ms | ||
| 18 | הֻגְלָה | גלה | III-ה | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 19 | הֻגְלוּ | גלה | III-ה | Perfect 3cp | ||
| 20 | הֻגַּד | נגד | I-נ | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 21 | וַיֻּגַּד | נגד | I-נ | Wayyiqtol 3ms | ||
| 22 | הֻעֲמַד | עמד | I-guttural | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 23 | יֻשְׁלַח | שׁלח | III-ח/ע | Imperfect 3ms | ||
| 24 | הֻמְצָא | מצא | III-א | Perfect 3ms | ||
| 25 | יֻקַּם | נקם | Geminate | Imperfect 3ms |
Morphology Reference¶
| Weak Class | Prefix Vowel | Key Diagnostic |
|---|---|---|
| I-י/ו (Pe-Yod/Vav) | Shureq (הוּ/יוּ/מוּ) | R1 quiesces into prefix; only R2–R3 visible |
| Biconsonantal (II-ו/י) | Shureq (הוּ/יוּ/מוּ) | Only two root consonants; middle vowel contracts |
| III-ה (Lamed-He) | Qibbuts (הֻ/יֻ/מֻ) | Perfect 3ms ends ָה; wayyiqtol apocopates |
| I-נ (Pe-Nun) | Qibbuts (הֻ/יֻ/מֻ) | Dagesh forte in R2 (נ assimilated) |
| I-guttural (Pe-Guttural) | Qibbuts (הֻ/יֻ/מֻ) | Composite Shewa under R1 guttural |
| III-ח/ע (Lamed-Guttural) | Qibbuts (הֻ/יֻ/מֻ) | Pathach furtive before final ח or ע |
| III-א (Lamed-Alef) | Qibbuts (הֻ/יֻ/מֻ) | Pathach → Qamets before quiesced silent א |
| Geminate (II=III) | Qibbuts (הֻ/יֻ/מֻ) | Dagesh forte in R2 (= R3); compact form |
Answer Key¶
| # | Hophal Form | Root | Active (Hiphil) Meaning | Hophal Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הוּבַל | יבל | Hiphil יָבַל: to lead, carry, bring | he was led / brought | I-י: הוּ prefix (Shureq); R1 י quiesces |
| 2 | הוּבְאוּ | בוא | Hiphil הֵבִיא: to bring | they were brought (Gen 43:18) | Biconsonantal; 3cp suffix; brothers brought into Joseph's house |
| 3 | הוּרַד | ירד | Hiphil הוֹרִיד: to bring down | he was brought down (Gen 39:1) | I-י: Joseph was caused to descend to Egypt |
| 4 | הוּקַם | קום | Hiphil הֵקִים: to raise up, establish | the tabernacle was set up (Exo 40:17) | Biconsonantal; contracted stem; Pathach under R2 |
| 5 | הוּשַׁב | שׁוב | Hiphil הֵשִׁיב: to bring back, restore | the silver was brought back (Gen 43:12) | Biconsonantal; הוּ prefix; Pathach under R2 |
| 6 | יוּבַל | יבל | Hiphil יָבַל: to lead, bring | he will be led / brought | I-י: יוּ prefix (Shureq) under imperfect prefix |
| 7 | יוּבָא | בוא | Hiphil הֵבִיא: to bring | he will be brought | Biconsonantal; Qamets under R2 (I-ו + biconsonantal) |
| 8 | יוּרַד | ירד | Hiphil הוֹרִיד: to bring down | he will be brought down | I-י: יוּ prefix; Pathach under R2 |
| 9 | יוּקַם | קום | Hiphil הֵקִים: to raise up | it will be raised up (Num 9:15) | Biconsonantal; contracted stem with Pathach |
| 10 | יוּשַׁב | שׁוב | Hiphil הֵשִׁיב: to bring back | he will be brought back | Biconsonantal; יוּ prefix |
| 11 | וַיּוּבַל | יבל | Hiphil יָבַל: to lead, bring | and he was led / brought | I-י Wayyiqtol; וַיּוּ prefix retains Shureq |
| 12 | וַיּוּבָא | בוא | Hiphil הֵבִיא: to bring | and he was brought (Gen 39:1) | Biconsonantal Wayyiqtol; Qamets under R2 |
| 13 | וַיּוּרַד | ירד | Hiphil הוֹרִיד: to bring down | and Joseph was brought down (Gen 39:1) | I-י Wayyiqtol; וַיּוּ prefix; Pathach under R2 |
| 14 | הוּלַד | ילד | Hiphil הוֹלִיד: to beget, cause to be born | he was born (Gen 21:5) | I-י: Hiphil = to father; Hophal = to be born |
| 15 | יוּלַד | ילד | Hiphil הוֹלִיד: to beget | he will be born (Gen 4:26) | I-י Imperfect; the genealogical passive |
| 16 | מוּבָא | בוא | Hiphil הֵבִיא: to bring | (one) being brought / that which is brought | Biconsonantal Participle; מוּ prefix; Qamets under R2 |
| 17 | מוּרָד | ירד | Hiphil הוֹרִיד: to bring down | (one) being brought down | I-י Participle; מוּ prefix; Qamets under R2 |
| 18 | הֻגְלָה | גלה | Hiphil הִגְלָה: to exile, deport | he/Israel was exiled (Amos 1:5) | III-ה: Qibbuts prefix; Qamets + ה mater ending |
| 19 | הֻגְלוּ | גלה | Hiphil הִגְלָה: to exile, deport | they were exiled / deported (Amos 1:6) | III-ה 3cp: plural suffix וּ replaces contracted ה mater |
| 20 | הֻגַּד | נגד | Hiphil הִגִּיד: to declare, tell, report | it was told / reported (Deu 17:4) | I-נ: Dagesh forte in ג (נ assimilated); Qibbuts prefix |
| 21 | וַיֻּגַּד | נגד | Hiphil הִגִּיד: to declare, tell | and it was told (Gen 22:20: וַיֻּגַּד לְאַבְרָהָם) | I-נ Wayyiqtol; the OT passive-report formula |
| 22 | הֻעֲמַד | עמד | Hiphil הֶעֱמִיד: to station, set in place | he was stationed / set in place | I-guttural: Qibbuts prefix; composite Shewa (Hateph Pathach) under ע |
| 23 | יֻשְׁלַח | שׁלח | Piel שָׁלַח: to send, release | it will be sent / released (Job 18:8) | III-ח/ע: Qibbuts prefix; Pathach under R2; final ח |
| 24 | הֻמְצָא | מצא | Qal מָצָא: to find | it was found; was presented | III-א: Qibbuts prefix; Qamets before quiesced silent א |
| 25 | יֻקַּם | נקם | Qal נָקַם: to avenge | he shall be avenged (Gen 4:15: יֻקַּם שִׁבְעָתַיִם) | Geminate: Qibbuts prefix + Dagesh forte in קּ (R2 = R3) |
Sources: MACULA Hebrew WLC (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0) · BBH = Pratico & Van Pelt, Basics of Biblical Hebrew, 3rd ed.