| ch32-function-sort |
A 20-item exercise reinforcing the core semantic relationship between the Piel and Pual stems: the Pual is always the passive of the Piel. For each Pual form, students supply (1) the Piel active meaning and (2) the Pual passive translation. Forms cover all three Pual conjugations encountered at this stage: perfect (3ms, 3cp), imperfect (3ms), and participle (ms). Roots include both standard qibbuts-type forms and guttural-R2 forms where holem appears instead (e.g., בֹּרַךְ, גֹּרַשׁ). |
| "Spot the Pual" — Chapter 32 Passage Exercise |
Students identify and parse Pual Strong verbs across three Torah/Prophets passages: Numbers 22:6, 12; 23:8, 20 (the Balaam cycle, richest Pual concentration in Torah for ברך), Exodus 29:36–37 (consecration of the altar), and Exodus 14:4 / Isaiah 43:23 (Pual of כבד). The exercise presents 15 verbs: 3 Pual targets and 12 distractors drawn from Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hophal. Students indicate whether each verb is Pual, then parse Conjugation/PGN/Root and supply the Stem/Function. A key diagnostic skill is distinguishing Pual (Qibbuts under R1 + Dagesh in R2) from the visually similar Piel (Hireq/i-class under R1) and Hophal (u-class on the prefix consonant, not R1). |
| "Piel–Pual Contrast Drill" — Exercise |
A 25-item active/passive contrast and identification exercise introducing the Pual stem. Part A (items 1–10) presents five root pairs — each pair gives one Piel active form and its Pual passive counterpart, drawn from the same passage where possible. Students identify the stem, parse, and translate both forms, experiencing the active-passive relationship directly. Part B (items 11–25) is a 15-item mixed drill covering Piel, Pual, Hiphil, and Hophal; students identify the stem before parsing. Answer keys include notes on compensatory lengthening (ר rejects dagesh) and Hophal-vs-Pual disambiguation. Four discussion questions address the R1-vowel diagnostic, the compensatory lengthening rule, Hophal/Pual confusion points, and the theology of the Pual in the Genesis genealogies. |
| Ch32 Pual Paradigm Drill |
Write selected Pual forms for the root קטל from memory. Key marker: qibbuts under R1 + dagesh forte in R2. |
| ch32-qal-piel-pual-contrast |
A 15-item triplet drill showing the same root in Qal, Piel, and Pual side by side. Students identify the stem and translate each form. The side-by-side format highlights the systematic R1 vowel shift: variable (Qal) → hiriq/tsere (Piel) → qibbuts/holem (Pual), with dagesh forte in R2 for both Piel and Pual. Roots covered: ברך, שׁלח, דבר, כבד, ספר. |
| ch32-stem-id-drill |
A 24-item drill mixing Qal, Piel, and Pual of strong roots (8 forms each), interleaved across multiple conjugations. Students identify the stem, parse fully, and translate. The drill emphasizes distinguishing the three stems through R1 vowel identification and the presence/absence of dagesh forte in R2. Primary root: דבר (items 1–3, 10–12, 16–23). Secondary roots: שׁלח (4–6, 13–15), כבד (7–9), ספר (24). |