Hebrew OT Semantic Domain Analysis¶

Analysis of the MARBLE SDBH semantic domain annotations in the MACULA Hebrew WLC dataset. Each Hebrew token is tagged with a coredomain code (one or more space-separated numbers) drawn from a set of ~170 thematic categories developed by the United Bible Societies MARBLE (Multilingual Aligned Rich Biblical Encoding) project.

Two annotation columns:

• coredomain — contextual semantic category (e.g. Covenant/berith, Speech/Utterance, Royalty/King); ~158,245 tokens tagged (~33.8% of Hebrew OT)
• lexdomain — hierarchical lexical domain code (Objects/Events/Referents/Markers); ~240,782 tokens tagged (~51.4% of Hebrew OT)

Key questions this notebook answers:

• What are the most common semantic categories in the OT?
• Which books have the richest theological vocabulary (Deity, Covenant, Worship)?
• How does a theological concept like 'Covenant' distribute across the canon?
• What are the key vocabulary items in each semantic domain?
• How do genre profiles compare across Torah, Wisdom, and Prophets?

Data source: MACULA Hebrew WLC (macula-hebrew/ submodule), MARBLE SDBH word-sense data.

In [ ]:

import sys
sys.path.insert(0, '../../../src')

from bible_grammar import (
    ot_domain_data, ot_domain_frequency, ot_top_domain_lemmas,
    ot_domain_book_distribution, ot_domain_genre_profile,
    ot_domain_comparison, ot_coredomain_profile, ot_theology_profile,
    print_ot_domain_overview, print_ot_domain_frequency,
    print_ot_top_lemmas, print_ot_domain_book_distribution,
    print_ot_domain_genre_profile, print_ot_domain_comparison,
    print_ot_theology_profile,
    ot_domain_frequency_chart, ot_domain_book_chart,
    ot_domain_genre_chart, ot_domain_heatmap,
    COREDOMAIN_NAMES, THEOLOGY_COREDOMAINS,
)
import pandas as pd

import sys sys.path.insert(0, '../../../src') from bible_grammar import ( ot_domain_data, ot_domain_frequency, ot_top_domain_lemmas, ot_domain_book_distribution, ot_domain_genre_profile, ot_domain_comparison, ot_coredomain_profile, ot_theology_profile, print_ot_domain_overview, print_ot_domain_frequency, print_ot_top_lemmas, print_ot_domain_book_distribution, print_ot_domain_genre_profile, print_ot_domain_comparison, print_ot_theology_profile, ot_domain_frequency_chart, ot_domain_book_chart, ot_domain_genre_chart, ot_domain_heatmap, COREDOMAIN_NAMES, THEOLOGY_COREDOMAINS, ) import pandas as pd

1. Overview — Coverage and Categories¶

In [ ]:

print_ot_domain_overview()

print_ot_domain_overview()

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# Show all available coredomain categories
cat_df = pd.DataFrame([
    {'code': k, 'name': v}
    for k, v in sorted(COREDOMAIN_NAMES.items(), key=lambda x: int(x[0]))
])
print(f"Total coredomain categories: {len(cat_df)}")
cat_df.head(30)

# Show all available coredomain categories cat_df = pd.DataFrame([ {'code': k, 'name': v} for k, v in sorted(COREDOMAIN_NAMES.items(), key=lambda x: int(x[0])) ]) print(f"Total coredomain categories: {len(cat_df)}") cat_df.head(30)

2. Frequency — Most Common Semantic Domains¶

In [ ]:

# Top 25 domains across the entire OT
print_ot_domain_frequency(top_n=25)

# Top 25 domains across the entire OT print_ot_domain_frequency(top_n=25)

In [ ]:

# Note: object-marker (et), pronouns, and common verbs dominate by raw count.
# Theological domains (Covenant/berith, Royalty, Speech) rank highly when
# grammatical function words are filtered.
ot_domain_frequency_chart(top_n=25)

# Note: object-marker (et), pronouns, and common verbs dominate by raw count. # Theological domains (Covenant/berith, Royalty, Speech) rank highly when # grammatical function words are filtered. ot_domain_frequency_chart(top_n=25)

3. Theological Domain Profiles¶

Twelve pre-built theological clusters group related coredomain codes:

Cluster	Domains
Divinity	God/Deity (050), Divine Name/LORD (055)
Covenant	Covenant/berith (046), Faithfulness/Hesed (061), Oath/Vow (118)
Worship	Altar/Sacrifice (149), Music/Psalm (111), Praise/Thanks (130), Prayer (131)
Priesthood	Priesthood (132), Ritual Uncleanness (147), Washing (122), Holiness (079)
Prophecy	Prophecy/Oracle (134), Speech/Utterance (041), Signs/Wonders (159)
Wisdom	Wisdom/Knowledge (199), Plans/Counsel (124), Deceit/Falsehood (184)
Kingship	Royalty/King (015, 170, 095), Throne/Kingdom (148)
Salvation	Salvation/Rescue (152), Refuge (047), Memory/Remembrance (143)
Creation	Creation (028), Land/Earth (097, 185)
Warfare	Battle/Warfare (188), Violence/Sword (006), Enemy (044), Siege (158)
Justice/Law	Statutes/Law (098), Sin/Blood (145), Ethics/Good-Evil (017)
Exile/Return	Exile (070), Idols (085), Land/Earth (097)

In [ ]:

print_ot_theology_profile('Covenant')

print_ot_theology_profile('Covenant')

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print_ot_theology_profile('Worship')

print_ot_theology_profile('Worship')

In [ ]:

print_ot_theology_profile('Divinity')

print_ot_theology_profile('Divinity')

4. Domain Vocabulary — Top Lemmas per Domain¶

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# Covenant/berith (046)
print_ot_top_lemmas('Covenant/berith', top_n=15)

# Covenant/berith (046) print_ot_top_lemmas('Covenant/berith', top_n=15)

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# Speech/Utterance (041) — אָמַר dominates
print_ot_top_lemmas('Speech/Utterance', top_n=15)

# Speech/Utterance (041) — אָמַר dominates print_ot_top_lemmas('Speech/Utterance', top_n=15)

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# Wisdom/Knowledge (199) — חָכְמָה, דַּעַת, בִּינָה
print_ot_top_lemmas('Wisdom/Knowledge', top_n=15)

# Wisdom/Knowledge (199) — חָכְמָה, דַּעַת, בִּינָה print_ot_top_lemmas('Wisdom/Knowledge', top_n=15)

In [ ]:

# Prophecy/Oracle (134) — נְבוּאָה, נָבִיא, נְאֻם
print_ot_top_lemmas('Prophecy/Oracle', top_n=15)

# Prophecy/Oracle (134) — נְבוּאָה, נָבִיא, נְאֻם print_ot_top_lemmas('Prophecy/Oracle', top_n=15)

5. Book Distribution — Where Does Each Domain Concentrate?¶

In [ ]:

# Covenant vocabulary — where is it most dense?
print_ot_domain_book_distribution('Covenant/berith')

# Covenant vocabulary — where is it most dense? print_ot_domain_book_distribution('Covenant/berith')

In [ ]:

ot_domain_book_chart('Covenant/berith')

ot_domain_book_chart('Covenant/berith')

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# Wisdom vocabulary — Proverbs, Job, Ecclesiastes dominate
print_ot_domain_book_distribution('Wisdom/Knowledge')

# Wisdom vocabulary — Proverbs, Job, Ecclesiastes dominate print_ot_domain_book_distribution('Wisdom/Knowledge')

In [ ]:

ot_domain_book_chart('Wisdom/Knowledge')

ot_domain_book_chart('Wisdom/Knowledge')

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# Warfare vocabulary
print_ot_domain_book_distribution('Battle/Warfare')

# Warfare vocabulary print_ot_domain_book_distribution('Battle/Warfare')

6. Genre Profile¶

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# Covenant — mostly Torah and Prophets
print_ot_domain_genre_profile('Covenant/berith')
ot_domain_genre_chart('Covenant/berith')

# Covenant — mostly Torah and Prophets print_ot_domain_genre_profile('Covenant/berith') ot_domain_genre_chart('Covenant/berith')

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# Wisdom — almost exclusively Wisdom books
print_ot_domain_genre_profile('Wisdom/Knowledge')
ot_domain_genre_chart('Wisdom/Knowledge')

# Wisdom — almost exclusively Wisdom books print_ot_domain_genre_profile('Wisdom/Knowledge') ot_domain_genre_chart('Wisdom/Knowledge')

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# Prayer — compare across genres
print_ot_domain_genre_profile('Prayer')
ot_domain_genre_chart('Prayer')

# Prayer — compare across genres print_ot_domain_genre_profile('Prayer') ot_domain_genre_chart('Prayer')

7. Book Comparison — Semantic Domain Fingerprints¶

In [ ]:

# Compare Deuteronomy, Isaiah, Psalms, and Proverbs domain profiles
print_ot_domain_comparison(['Deu', 'Isa', 'Psa', 'Pro'], top_n=15)

# Compare Deuteronomy, Isaiah, Psalms, and Proverbs domain profiles print_ot_domain_comparison(['Deu', 'Isa', 'Psa', 'Pro'], top_n=15)

In [ ]:

# Heatmap visualization
ot_domain_heatmap(['Deu', 'Isa', 'Psa', 'Pro'], top_n=15)

# Heatmap visualization ot_domain_heatmap(['Deu', 'Isa', 'Psa', 'Pro'], top_n=15)

In [ ]:

# Pentateuch comparison
print_ot_domain_comparison(['Gen', 'Exo', 'Lev', 'Num', 'Deu'], top_n=12)

# Pentateuch comparison print_ot_domain_comparison(['Gen', 'Exo', 'Lev', 'Num', 'Deu'], top_n=12)

8. Per-Book Theological Domain Profile¶

In [ ]:

# Deuteronomy — law, covenant, and ethical vocabulary
print_ot_domain_frequency('Deu', top_n=20)

# Deuteronomy — law, covenant, and ethical vocabulary print_ot_domain_frequency('Deu', top_n=20)

In [ ]:

# Psalms — praise, prayer, lament vocabulary
print_ot_domain_frequency('Psa', top_n=20)

# Psalms — praise, prayer, lament vocabulary print_ot_domain_frequency('Psa', top_n=20)

In [ ]:

# Isaiah — prophecy, salvation, holiness
print_ot_domain_frequency('Isa', top_n=20)

# Isaiah — prophecy, salvation, holiness print_ot_domain_frequency('Isa', top_n=20)

In [ ]:

# Proverbs — wisdom, ethics, behavior
print_ot_domain_frequency('Pro', top_n=20)

# Proverbs — wisdom, ethics, behavior print_ot_domain_frequency('Pro', top_n=20)

9. Ad-hoc Queries¶

In [ ]:

# All tokens tagged with Covenant/berith (046)
df = ot_domain_data('Covenant/berith')
print(f"Covenant domain tokens: {len(df)}")
df[['text', 'lemma', 'gloss', 'coredomain', 'book', 'chapter', 'verse']].head(10)

# All tokens tagged with Covenant/berith (046) df = ot_domain_data('Covenant/berith') print(f"Covenant domain tokens: {len(df)}") df[['text', 'lemma', 'gloss', 'coredomain', 'book', 'chapter', 'verse']].head(10)

In [ ]:

# Covenant vocabulary in Jeremiah specifically
print_ot_theology_profile('Covenant', book='Jer')

# Covenant vocabulary in Jeremiah specifically print_ot_theology_profile('Covenant', book='Jer')

In [ ]:

# Exile vocabulary
print_ot_theology_profile('Exile/Return')

# Exile vocabulary print_ot_theology_profile('Exile/Return')