Chapter 35 — Hithpael Weak Morphology Deck
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Scope note: This deck provides diagnostic-highlights coverage — not all PGN forms for every conjugation. For full paradigm practice across all PGN slots, use the paradigm drill exercise.
34 cards covering 4 roots across the main Hithpael weak verb classes, with diagnostic cards for phonological phenomena (metathesis, virtual doubling, compensatory lengthening, I-נ non-assimilation).
Weak classes covered:
- פלל (Geminate) — to pray — most common Hithpael verb in the OT
- גלה (III-ה) — to reveal oneself
- נחם (II-Guttural virtual doubling / I-נ) — to relent, be consoled
- ברך (II-Guttural compensatory lengthening) — to bless oneself, be blessed
Key Diagnostic Summary
| Card Front |
Expected Back |
| Hithpael Wayyiqtol prefix |
וַיִּתְ (waw-Patach + Yod-Hireq + Taw) — e.g. וַיִּתְפַּלֵּל, וַיִּתְנַחֵם |
| Geminate Hithpael: when can Dagesh in R2 drop? |
Before Shewa (sqnmlwy rule) — e.g. הִתְפַּלְלוּ (Perf 3cp); Pathach under R1 + undoubled R2 retained |
| II-Guttural virtual doubling in Hithpael: what changes? |
No Dagesh in R2 (guttural rejects it); Pathach under R1 preserved; guttural takes Patach or Hateph-Patach |
| II-Guttural compensatory lengthening in Hithpael: what changes? |
ר rejects Dagesh; Pathach under R1 lengthens to Qamets; rely on הִתְ/יִתְ/מִתְ prefixes for stem ID |
| III-ה Hithpael Infinitive Construct: distinctive ending? |
וֹת (Holem-Waw + Taw) — e.g. הִתְגַּלּוֹת; unique to III-ה Hithpael |
| I-שׁ Hithpael: what phonological change occurs? |
Metathesis — ת swaps with שׁ → הִשְׁתַּ prefix; most important: הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה (bow down/worship) from שׁחה — 173× in OT |
| I-נ in Hithpael: does נ assimilate into R2? |
No — הִתְ prefix ת stands between prefix vowel and נ, blocking assimilation; e.g. הִתְנַחֵם (not *הִדַּנֵּחֵם) |
Hithpael — פלל (Geminate — to pray)
| Front |
Back |
| הִתְפַּלֵּל |
פלל Hithpael+Perfect+3ms — "he prayed" — geminate (לל); most common Hithpael verb in OT; identical form to Imperative 2ms |
| הִתְפַּלַּלְתִּי |
פלל Hithpael+Perfect+1cs — "I prayed" — Pathach under doubled ל before suffix תִּי |
| הִתְפַּלְלוּ |
פלל Hithpael+Perfect+3cp — "they prayed" — Dagesh in R2 (second ל) dropped before Shewa; sqnmlwy rule |
| יִתְפַּלֵּל |
פלל Hithpael+Imperfect+3ms — "he will pray" — יִתְ preformative; Pathach + doubled ל + Tsere |
| אֶתְפַּלֵּל |
פלל Hithpael+Imperfect+1cs — "I will pray" — אֶתְ preformative (1cs unique form) |
| וַיִּתְפַּלֵּל |
פלל Hithpael+Wayyiqtol+3ms — "and he prayed" — וַיִּתְ prefix (patach + hireq + taw); 1 Kgs 8:54 |
| הִתְפַּלֵּל |
פלל Hithpael+Imperative+2ms — "pray!" — identical form to Perfect 3ms; context distinguishes |
| מִתְפַּלֵּל |
פלל Hithpael+Participle+ms — "praying" — מִתְ prefix + Pathach + doubled ל + Tsere |
| וְהִתְפַּלֵּל |
פלל Hithpael+Weqatal+3ms — "and he will pray / then he prayed" — וְ + Hithpael Perfect 3ms; sequential action |
Hithpael — גלה (III-ה — to reveal oneself)
| Front |
Back |
| הִתְגַּלָּה |
גלה Hithpael+Perfect+3ms — "he revealed himself" — Dagesh in ל (R2); Qamets-He ending (III-ה) |
| הִתְגַּלִּיתָ |
גלה Hithpael+Perfect+2ms — "you revealed yourself" — Hireq-Yod-Taw suffix (III-ה pattern) |
| הִתְגַּלּוּ |
גלה Hithpael+Perfect+3cp — "they revealed themselves" — doubled ל before וּ; III-ה contracts |
| יִתְגַּלֶּה |
גלה Hithpael+Imperfect+3ms — "he will reveal himself" — Seghol-He ending (III-ה Imperfect) |
| יִתְגַּלּוּ |
גלה Hithpael+Imperfect+3mp — "they will reveal themselves" — doubled ל before וּ |
| הִתְגַּלּוֹת |
גלה Hithpael+Infinitive Construct — "to reveal oneself" — unique III-ה Hithpael Inf. Cs. ending: וֹת |
| מִתְגַּלֶּה |
גלה Hithpael+Participle+ms — "revealing himself" — מִתְ prefix; Seghol-He ending (III-ה) |
Hithpael — נחם (II-Guttural virtual doubling / I-נ — to relent, be consoled)
| Front |
Back |
| הִתְנַחֵם |
נחם Hithpael+Perfect+3ms — "he relented" — Gen 6:6; ח rejects Dagesh; Pathach under נ = virtual doubling; Tsere under ח in 3ms; נ intact after הִתְ (I-נ does not assimilate) |
| הִתְנַחַמְתָּ |
נחם Hithpael+Perfect+2ms — "you relented" — Patach under ח in suffix forms (full vowel before suffix) |
| הִתְנַחֲמוּ |
נחם Hithpael+Perfect+3cp — "they relented" — Hateph-Patach under ח before Shewa |
| יִתְנַחֵם |
נחם Hithpael+Imperfect+3ms — "he will relent" — יִתְ preformative; no Dagesh in ח; Tsere under ח |
| וַיִּתְנַחֵם |
נחם Hithpael+Wayyiqtol+3ms — "and he relented" — Exo 32:14; the LORD relented; וַיִּתְ prefix |
| הִתְנַחֵם |
נחם Hithpael+Imperative+2ms — "relent! / be consoled!" — identical form to Perfect 3ms |
| מִתְנַחֵם |
נחם Hithpael+Participle+ms — "relenting, being consoled" — מִתְ prefix; no Dagesh in ח |
Hithpael — ברך (II-Guttural compensatory lengthening — to bless oneself, be blessed)
| Front |
Back |
| הִתְבָּרֵךְ |
ברך Hithpael+Perfect+3ms — "he blessed himself / was blessed" — ר rejects Dagesh; Pathach under ב lengthens to Qamets; Tsere under ר |
| הִתְבָּרַכְתָּ |
ברך Hithpael+Perfect+2ms — "you blessed yourself" — Patach under ר before suffix; Qamets under ב retained |
| יִתְבָּרֵךְ |
ברך Hithpael+Imperfect+3ms — "he will bless himself / be blessed" — יִתְ preformative; Qamets under ב; Tsere under ר |
| מִתְבָּרֵךְ |
ברך Hithpael+Participle+ms — "blessing himself / being blessed" — מִתְ prefix; Qamets under ב; Tsere under ר |